Table 2 Key definitions from OGMS used in the analysis

DISEASE

A DISPOSITION (i) to undergo PATHOLOGICAL PROCESSes that (ii) exists in an ORGANISM because of one or more DISORDERs in that ORGANISM.

DISORDER

A causally relatively isolated combination of physical components that is (a) clinically abnormal and (b) maximal, in the sense that it is not a part of some larger such combination.

DIAGNOSIS

A conclusion of an interpretive PROCESS that has as input a CLINICAL PICTURE of a given patient and as output an assertion (diagnostic statement) to the effect that the patient has a DISEASE of such and such a type.

DIAGNOSTIC PROCESS

An interpretive PROCESS that has as input a CLINICAL PICTURE of a given patient and as output an assertion to the effect that the patient has a DISEASE of a certain type.

PATHOLOGICAL PROCESS

A bodily PROCESS that is a manifestation of a DISORDER.

PHENOTYPE

A bodily feature or combination of bodily features of an organism determined by the interaction of the genetic make-up of the organism and its environment.

CLINICAL PHENOTYPE

A clinically abnormal PHENOTYPE.

CLINICAL PICTURE

A representation of a CLINICAL PHENOTYPE that is inferred from the combination of laboratory, image and clinical findings about a given patient.

CLINICAL FINDING

A REPRESENTATION that is either the output of a clinical history taking or a physical examination or an image finding, or some combination thereof.

MANIFESTATION OF DISEASE

A QUALITY of a patient that is (a) a deviation from clinical normality that exists in virtue of the realization of a disease and (b) is observable.

CLINICAL HISTORY TAKING

An interview in which a clinician elicits a clinical history from a patient or from a third party who is authorized to make health care decisions on behalf of the patient.

CLINICAL HISTORY

A series of statements representing health-relevant features of a patient.