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Table 4 Instrument scores found in clinical document set and the scoring criteria, which allow the NLP system to use the scores to determine indication of frailty

From: Development of a cardiac-centered frailty ontology

Instrument Name

Scoring Criteria

Activities of Daily Living (ADL) Screen

18 patient independent

6 patient very independent

Functional Independence Measure (FIM)

7-complete independence;

6-modified independence;

5-Supervision or step-up;

4-Minimal Contact Assistance;

3-Moderate Assistance;

2-Maximal Assistance;

1-Total Assistance

Katz index ADL

Score of 6 = High, Patient is independent.

Score of 0 = Low, patient is very dependent.

Barthel index

ADL: 70–100 = Independent;

Less than 70 = Needs significant physical/supervisory assistance.

Instrumental activities of daily living (IADL)

2 = without assistance,

1 = with assistance,

0 = unable

Instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) scale (Lawton) / IADL Screen

The total score may range from 0 to 8.

A lower score indicates a higher level of dependence.

Functional Activity Questionnaire (FAQ)

Score of 5 or more indicates significant impairment in instrumental activities of daily living.

Morse fall scale / Annual Fall Scale / MRT

> = 45: high fall risk

25–44: moderate risk

0–24: low risk

Tinetti assessment measures

Maximum possible balance score: 16 points.

Maximum possible gait score: 12 points.

Maximum total score: 28 points. -Scores below 19 indicate high risk for falls.

Scores in the 19–24 range indicate some risk for falls.

Braden scale

Pressure Ulcer Risk:

total score < =9 very high risk

total score 10–12 high risk

total score 13–14 moderate risk

total score 15–18 mild risk

total score 19–23 no risk