Fig. 1

Mizaj types. The vertical axis is an indicator of active qualities with points lower than balanced being cold and higher points being hot. The horizontal axis displays passive qualities, with the dry quality to the left. The nine main mizaj types of ITM include balanced, hot, cold, dry, wet, hot-wet, cold-wet, hot-dry, cold-dry. Other Mizaj types illustrated in the second and third inner circles of the figure are more precise indications of degrees used in descriptions of the Mizaj of drugs in Makhzan al-Advieh with the green zone in the balanced region and the light red/blue zones counting as unbalanced in one active/passive quality. Smaller icons of qualities demonstrate a balanced-inclined (slight) quality while larger ones are indicative of an unbalanced quality, which can lie in a range between first to fourth degree. Mizaj types with horizontal stripes are unbalanced in one of the passive qualities, while the vertically-striped are unbalance in an active quality. The four checkered Mizaj types are unbalanced in both their active and passive quality