Comparing generative and extractive approaches to information extraction from abstracts describing randomized clinical trials

Witte, Christian; Schmidt, David M.; Cimiano, Philipp

doi:10.1186/s13326-024-00305-2

Journal of Biomedical Semantics

Table 8 Case study for disease Type 2 Diabetes. Multiple entries for same slot in same template instance separated by |

From: Comparing generative and extractive approaches to information extraction from abstracts describing randomized clinical trials

Slot name	Gold standard	Extractive prediction	Generative prediction
Template Publication
describes
Author	Shankar RR \| Bao Y \| Han P \| Hu J \| Ma J \| Peng Y \| Wu F \| Xu L \| Engel SS \| Jia W	Shankar RR \| Bao Y \| Han P \| Hu J \| Ma J \| Peng Y \| Wu F \| Xu L \| Engel SS \| Jia W	Shankar RR \| Bao Y \| Han P \| Hu J \| Ma J \| Peng Y \| Wu F \| Xu L \| Engel SS \| Jia W
Journal	J Diabetes Investig.	J Diabetes Investig.	J Diabetes Investig.
PMID	27740719	27740719	27740719
PublicationYear	2017	2017	2017
Title	Sitagliptin added to stable insulin therapy with or without metformin in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes.	Sitagliptin added to stable insulin therapy with or without metformin in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes.	Sitagliptin added to stable insulin therapy with or without metformin in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes.
Template Intervention
Frequency	once daily	once daily	once daily
Medication
Template Population
Country	USA \| Australia	USA	USA
Ethnicity	Chinese
Precondition	Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus receiving stable insulin therapy alone or in combination with metformin \| patients with inadequate glycemic control on insulin ( glycated hemoglobin [ HbA1c ] < 7. 5 % and < 11 % )	patients with inadequate glycemic control on insulin	patients with inadequate glycemic control on insulin ( glycated hemoglobin [ HbA1c ] <
Template Arm
AdverseEffect
Intervention
Outcome
Template Endpoint
BaselineUnit	%	%
EndoPointDescription	HbA1c	HbA1c of <7. 0 %	adverse events
BaselineUnit		mg / dL \| mg / dL
EndoPointDescription	HbA1c of < 7. 0 %	fasting plasma glucose \| 2 - h post - meal glucose \| adverse events of hypoglycemia	hypoglycemia
BaselineUnit	mg / dL		%
EndoPointDescription	2 - h post - meal glucose		HbA1c
BaselineUnit	mg / dL
EndoPointDescription	fasting plasma glucose		HbA1c of <
BaselineUnit			mg / dL
EndoPointDescription	hypoglycemia ( symptomatic or asymptomatic )		2 - h post - meal glucose
BaselineUnit
EndoPointDescription	bodyweight		fasting plasma glucose
BaselineUnit
EndoPointDescription			adverse events
BaselineUnit
EndoPointDescription			hypoglycemia
BaselineUnit			%
EndoPointDescription			HbA1c
BaselineUnit
EndoPointDescription			HbA1c of <
BaselineUnit			mg / dL
EndoPointDescription			2 - h post - meal glucose
BaselineUnit
EndoPointDescription			fasting plasma glucose
Template ClinicalTrial
analysesHealthCondition	type 2 diabetes mellitus	type 2 diabetes	type 2 diabetes mellitus
AllocationRatio	1 : 1	1 : 1
Arm
CTDesign	randomized	randomized	randomized
CTduration	24 weeks	24 weeks	24 weeks
ConclusionComment	After 24 weeks, sitagliptin added to stable insulin therapy ( < metformin ) was generally well tolerated and improved glycemic control in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.	After 24 weeks, sitagliptin added to stable insulin therapy ( <metformin ) was generally well tolerated and improved glycemic control in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.	After 24 weeks, sitagliptin added to stable insulin therapy ( < \| ) was generally well tolerated and improved glycemic control in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
DiffBetweenGroups
NumberPatientsCT	467	467	467
ObjectiveDescription	We evaluated the tolerability and efficacy of the addition of sitagliptin in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus receiving stable insulin therapy alone or in combination with metformin.	We evaluated the tolerability and efficacy of the addition of sitagliptin in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus receiving stable insulin therapy alone or in combination with metformin.	We evaluated the tolerability and efficacy of the addition of sitagliptin in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus receiving stable insulin therapy alone or in combination with metformin.
Population
Template Medication
DoseUnit	mg		mg
DoseValue	100	100	100
Drug	sitagliptin	sitagliptin	sitagliptin
DoseUnit		mg
DoseValue
Drug	placebo	placebo	placebo
Template Outcome
ChangeValue	0. 7	0. 7
Endpoint
NumberAffected			64
ObservedResult
PercentageAffected			27. 4
TimePoint		week 24
ChangeValue	0. 3	26. 5 \| 0. 3 \| 14. 4
Endpoint
NumberAffected			51
ObservedResult
PercentageAffected		16 \| 21. 9 \| 64 \| 8 \| 27. 4 \| 51	21. 9
TimePoint		week 24
ChangeValue			0. 7
Endpoint
NumberAffected
ObservedResult
PercentageAffected	16
TimePoint	week 24		week 24
ChangeValue
Endpoint
NumberAffected
ObservedResult
PercentageAffected	8		16
TimePoint	week 24		week 24
ChangeValue	26. 5
Endpoint
NumberAffected
ObservedResult
PercentageAffected
TimePoint
ChangeValue	14. 4
Endpoint
NumberAffected			51
ObservedResult
PercentageAffected			21. 9
TimePoint
ChangeValue	10. 7
Endpoint
NumberAffected			51
ObservedResult
PercentageAffected			21. 9
TimePoint
ChangeValue			0. 3
Endpoint
NumberAffected	64
ObservedResult
PercentageAffected	27. 4
TimePoint			week 24
ChangeValue
Endpoint
NumberAffected	51
ObservedResult
PercentageAffected	21. 9		8
TimePoint			week 24
ChangeValue
Endpoint
NumberAffected
ObservedResult	Neither group had a significant change from baseline in bodyweight.
PercentageAffected
TimePoint
Template DiffBetweenGroups
Outcome1
Outcome2
PvalueDiff	P < 0. 001	P <0. 001	P = 0. 013
Outcome1
Outcome2
PvalueDiff	P = 0. 013	P = 0. 013	P = 0. 013
Outcome1
Outcome2
PvalueDiff	P < 0. 001	P <0. 001

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ISSN: 2041-1480

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